Dental fillings are a kind of restorative dentistry treatment. They work by filling the cavities or minor chips and cracks in teeth to restore patients’ healthy smiles. However, many patients are confused by various dental filling types and how they can choose the right one.
In this article, we will introduce the filling materials available in the market and explain their pros and cons. You will also find content about ways to choose the right dental filling types. Whether you have a small cavity or need a larger restoration, read on and discover the best types of dental fillings for yourself!
Part 1: Five Common Types of Dental Fillings
There are various dental filling types. Categorized on the basis of materials, the most common types are amalgam, composite, ceramic, gold, and glass ionomer. Each tooth filling type has their unique features, material, pros and cons.
1. Amalgam Fillings (Silver fillings)
Amalgam dental fillings have been a trusted solution for tooth restoration since the mid-19th century. They are made from a blend of metals, primarily silver, mercury, and copper. These tooth fillings are generally used to treat cavities due to their durability and resistance.
Pros: As one of the most popular dental fillings, they are sturdy and long-lasting, which means that you do not have to replace them frequently. An average amalgam filling can last 10-20 years. Another advantage of amalgam fillings is their low costs. Compared to other types of dental fillings, amalgam seems more cost-efficient and affordable.
Cons: However, there are drawbacks when you choose amalgam dental fillings. For example, some people are allergic to metals in amalgam, such as mercury, silver, copper, or tin and can experience oral ulcers and toothache. Another disadvantage is that amalgam is noticeable in color, and people can easily see them when you open your mouth. Also, they require the removal of healthy tooth structure.
Common Concerns: While amalgam dental fillings are a popular choice, concerns exist that they will release toxic mercury to areas around and negatively affect Dental Care health. The concern is unnecessary, as the FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration) states that amalgam fillings only release low levels of mercury that will not lead to adverse health effects in the general population. However, certain groups of people should be cautious when it comes to amalgam dental fillings.
2. Composite Fillings
Composite dental fillings are widely chosen due to their natural appearance and strong bonding capabilities. They are made from a blend of resin and finely ground glass, which make them resemble the color of your teeth.
Pros: The major advantage is that you do not need to worry about your appearance after getting dental fillings, because composite dental fillings look natural and match the looks of your teeth. Another advantage is that they require less removal of your existing healthy tooth structure compared to metal fillings.
Cons: While composite fillings have their perks, they may not be as long-lasting as other types of dental fillings, particularly when being pressed from chewing. Additionally, the application process requires more skill and experience from the dentist.
Common concerns: Composite fillings are prone to a few risks. One risk is the exposure to Bisphenol-A (BPA), a chemical commonly existing in some composite filling materials. It can cause some reproductive and developmental issues. It is advisable to discuss with the dentist first to determine the BPA level in the material before getting composite fillings.
3. Ceramic Fillings
Ceramic dental fillings are made from porcelain material, so they have high durability and aesthetic appeal. If you choose ceramic fillings, your dentist will remove extra tooth structure and take a cast of the area that will be filled. The cast will then be made into a mold, which later is poured with tooth-colored ceramic to match the colors of your existing tooth.
Pros: Ceramic dental fillings resist stains or pressure better than composite resin dental fillings. Therefore, you can enjoy coffee or other colored drinks without fear of stains or discoloration. In addition, they look natural as they are tooth-colored, so they are suitable for those who care about their appearances.
Cons: The biggest disadvantage is that ceramic tooth fillings can cost a lot. If you do not have insurance covering dental parts, you might want to carefully consider whether to get them.
Common concerns: Compared to other dental filling types, ceramic fillings have fewer risks. One possible issue is that they can wear on opposing teeth on which they clamp down, causing discomfort. Therefore, it is important to get ceramic fillings that fit your dental situation.
4. Gold Fillings
Gold dental fillings are also a classic dental filling type in restorative dentistry. They are known to be durable and aesthetically satisfying. Made primarily of gold alloys, gold fillings can withstand significant wear or tear.
Pros: The gold material makes gold dental fillings resistant to corrosion and pressure, so they can last for as long as two decades before you need a replacement. Also, some patients adore the way gold fillings look.
Cons: Because they are of gold color, gold dental fillings are easily seen. While someone might like the appearance, other patients do not want their gold fillings to be noticeable. Another disadvantage is their prices. They are more expensive due to the material’s intrinsic value and the labor-intensive placement process.
Common concerns: There are no apparent adverse reactions or negative health effects with gold fillings. Some people can experience sensitivity or allergy, but this is a potential risk of all types of dental fillings.
5. Glass Ionomer Fillings
Composed of a blend of glass and acrylic, glass ionomer dental fillings bond well to teeth. Over time, they can even release fluoride over time, which might help with the prevention of further decay. They are most popular for younger patients who are going to lose teeth, which will be filled in a few years.
Pros: As mentioned, glass ionomer fillings slowly release compounds that make patients’ teeth become healthier. They are also less expensive than gold or ceramic fillings.
Cons: The biggest drawback of glass ionomer fillings is that they have lower strength and wear resistance compared to composite resins or amalgam dental fillings. Therefore, they are better used as temporary solutions or for small cavities.
Common concerns: Some glass ionomer fillings contain fluoride, which is related to certain health issues, such as hypothyroidism, increased blood pressure, insomnia, fatigue, etc. But as long as the fluoride level is low, the risk can be ignored.
The five types above are categorized according to materials of which they are made. However, there are also other categorizing standards. For example, based on service life, dental fillings are divided into temporary and more permanent types. For personal reasons, some patients need a temporary dental filling, which lasts up to six weeks, before they get a more permanent one. The temporary types are usually made of brittle materials, such as glass ionomer.
There are also direct and indirect dental fillings. The direct dental filling type is applied in a single visit, where the dentist places a malleable material directly into the cavity. This type is often composite resin or amalgam and usually does not entail follow-up appointments. In comparison, indirect fillings require at least two visits. The dentist first needs to take impressions of the patient’ teeth to create a custom filling outside of the mouth during the first visit. And during the second visit, the dentist cements the custom dental filling to the patient’s teeth.
With so many types of dental fillings in the market, how can you decide which type is perfect for you?
Part 2: How to Choose the Right Types of Dental Fillings?
You need to consider several factors when choosing the right types of dental fillings, including the cavity location, the appearance, your budget, possible complications, and longevity of the teeth filling materials.
Cavity location: For teeth that bear more pressure when you chew, such as back teeth, it is advisable to choose amalgam or gold fillings, because these materials are more durable. However, composite or ceramic fillings are more suitable for front teeth.
Appearance: If you want to look natural, choose tooth-colored tooth fillings such as composite or ceramic, because they look similar to your teeth.
Budget: Some types of dental fillings, such as gold and ceramic ]fillings, cost a lot more than composite and amalgam fillings, but they are more durable.
Possible complications: You also need to know if you are allergic or sensitive to particular dental filling materials, otherwise you might experience toothache.
Part 3: Potential Problems with Dental Fillings
Even though you have considered all factors influencing your dental filling choice, there are certain unforeseeable problems that you may experience after your teeth are treated with teeth fillings.
As mentioned above, some people may have bad reactions to certain types of dental fillings. Tooth sensitivity is a common issue following placement of a filling. Your teeth can be sensitive to pressure, air, sweet foods, temperature, etc. You might also experience gum soreness or a throbbing toothache. If you need help with complications of dental fillings, go to the dental professionals for additional treatment.
Another issue is that your tooth fillings can deteriorate due to constant pressure. When you chew, grind, or clench your teeth, the dental fillings might move, chip, or crack. Remember to go to your dentists for a regular check-up in case of dental fillings deterioration.
Conclusion
In summary, common types of dental fillings include amalgam, composite, ceramic, gold, and glass ionomer fillings. Understanding them can greatly help you make an informed decision about your oral health. All types of dental fillings have distinct advantages and considerations, considering durability, aesthetics, and cost.
It is advisable to consult with your dentist first to determine the best tooth filling type for you. Also, do not hesitate to reach out to dental professionals if you encounter any issues after getting a dental filling. Your teeth deserve the best care. Aidite is a trusted Dental Care solution provider with 17-year experience. It offers you multiple diagnosis and treatment plans as well as dental equipment, such as the “one-stop” treatment service Cameo and dental-related suggestions. Feel free to explore more on Aidite Dental.
FAQs
- Which filling lasts the longest?
Metal or gold dental fillings last up to 20 years. Ceramics also last for years, but no more than 10 years. However, composite fillings, while being popular, are not as lasting.
- What is the safest filling for teeth?
While not being the strongest materials, ceramics and glass ionomer are generally considered to be the safest materials for dental fillings, as they are BPA- and fluoride-free. Composite resin is also safe because it is biocompatible and does not release much chemical residue.
- What is the cheapest filling for teeth?
In 2024, the cheapest dental filling is still the amalgam filling, which usually costs from $100 to $200 per cavity.